Opioids are substances with analgesic, relaxing and euphoric effects that are used as drugs to treat symptoms of intense pain, although in many cases they are used as recreational drugs. In this sense, opioids such as oxycodone, morphine or codeine have a high potential for addiction and physical dependence.
In this article we will describe the main characteristics of oxycodone, what it is used for and what are the side effects most common of this opioid, widely used to treat pain in chronic disorders such as cancer.
Oxycodone is an analgesic drug in the class of opioids, also known as narcotics. These substances, in addition to other effects, make the brain respond differently to pain, making it more bearable for the person who suffers it.
This effect occurs through the drug’s binding to the brain’s opioid receptors, which blocks the sending of pain-related signals. This causes those who consume oxycodone and other opioids to have a different perception of pain.
Oxycodone is synthesized from thebaine, an alkaline opioid which is found in the capsules of the poppy. The chemical properties of this compound are similar to those of morphine and codeine, two other very common opioids.
It is marketed under many different trade names, alone or in combination with other pain relievers. Some of the most common are Oxycontin, Oxynorm, Targin and Percodan; the latter also contains aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), while Percocet is made up of oxycodone and acetaminophen
Although it is most frequently consumed in tablet form, it is also possible to find oxycodone as an oral solution and, more rarely, in injectable format. There are quick-release variants that are taken every 4 or 6 hours, and others with slow release; In this case, it is recommended to consume oxycodone every 12 hours.
What is it for?
Oxycodone is used to relieve pain symptoms. Is about an analgesic with relatively high potency so its use is recommended in the treatment of moderate to intense pain.
In general, this drug is prescribed when a person is expected to feel pain for a long period of time, and if it is not sufficiently relieved with the use of other less aggressive analgesics.
Studies show that oxycodone consumption improves the quality of life of people with moderate or severe pain, whether acute or chronic. In particular, the most common use of oxycodone is that which occurs in the context of treatments for pain associated with cancer ; In fact, it is a drug of choice in these cases.
It is also used to relieve pain due to trauma or other physical injuries, as well as pain that occurs as a result of aggressive surgical interventions. As we have previously said, given the addiction potential of oxycodone, it is preferable to administer milder drugs if their effects are sufficient for the person.
Although there are pharmaceutical products composed exclusively of oxycodone, often combined with other pain relievers in a single medication Some of the most common are ibuprofen, paracetamol, aspirin and acetaminophen.
The most common side effects of oxycodone include drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, headache, itching, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, stomach pain, constipation, sweating, and nausea. dry mouth Positive effects include relaxation, euphoria and reduced sensitivity to pain
Nervousness, diarrhea, urinary retention or hiccups are rare and low-relevance side effects. Other reactions are more serious; If breathing problems, decreased sexual drive and performance, alterations in the menstrual cycle, feelings of fainting or severe constipation appear, it is important to consult a doctor.
Oxycodone overdose is characterized by the following symptoms: muscle weakness, breathing difficulties, drop in body temperature, very intense drowsiness and even loss of consciousness and coma. These effects are more likely in children, so The consumption of oxycodone in minors is not recommended
People with severe breathing problems or intestinal blockage should not take oxycodone. This drug should also not be consumed in combination with alcohol or during pregnancy or breastfeeding, since it can cause withdrawal syndrome in the baby. Additionally, scientific research suggests that opioids may reduce fertility.
On the other hand, it has been described a large number of cases of oxycodone abuse and addiction given that, like the rest of opioids, this drug produces reinforcing and euphoric effects. Oxycodone is frequently combined with naloxone to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
