Personality Types In Psychology

Neuroticism appears in the personality theories of Costa and McCrae and Eysenck. Neuroticism represents people who tend to experience unpleasant emotions such as fear, anger or sadness. Furthermore, they usually respond to stimuli more emotionally so they tend to interpret them in more threatening, highly demanding ways, etc.

Extraversion is another personality type that appears in the theories of Costa and McCrae and Eysenck and, in addition, has special importance in the theory of Carl Gustav Jung.

The extraversion trait refers to the tendency to seeking social stimulation and seeking opportunities to interact with others (Costa and McCrae, 1996; seen in Simkin, H., Etchezahar, E. and Ungaretti, J., 2012). They tend to show positive attitudes regarding social relationships and are usually energetic.

Introverted people, at the opposite end of extraversion, are quieter, reserved and less participatory in social life (Costa and McCrae, 1996; seen in Simkin, H. et al, 2012). These are not shy people, but rather those who prefer, from their freedom, to restrict their social contacts and spend more time alone.

Do you want to know more about this personality type? Know the Characteristics of an introverted person.

Psychoticism is part of Eysenck’s personality theory along with neuroticism and extraversion. When a person scores high on this dimension it would result in the appearance of characteristics such as hostility, coldness, egocentrism, impulsivity, creativity or rigidity among other.

In the five-factor model of Costa and McCrae (1996; seen in Simkin, H. et al, 2012), this personality type refers to the way in which a person can control, regulate and direct their impulses. People with high responsibility They plan deliberately and persist in achieving their goals

Agreeableness is also one of the five factors in Costa and McCrae’s model. This personality trait is referred to social behavior. Kind people tend to show good ability to establish interpersonal relationships They are altruistic and care about others.

Low scores in agreeableness correspond to people who tend to put their interests before those of others.

Openness to experience is another of the personality traits included in Costa and McCrae’s five-factor model.

Openness to experience brings together imaginative, creative, intellectually curious people and sensitive to beauty (Costa and McCrae, 1996; seen in Simkin, H. et al, 2012). They are people who are more aware of their feelings, have a facility for symbolic thinking and the possibility of abstraction, and are distant from concrete experience.

We enter into the personality types proposed by the enneagram, a system in which different enneatypes are presented that interact with each other. We use this classification to present this and the following eight types, based on the article by Núñez, C. and Serpa, A. (2016)

The predominantly idealistic personality type on the enneagram tends to pursue certain ideals, takes care of details and is focused on her objectives They tend to always keep in mind ethical criteria such as integrity, rectitude, justice and truth.

People in whom this type predominates highly value social relationships and try to collaborate with others

The most organized, creative and dedicated people to achieving their goals would stand out in this type. This type of personality also carries a good communication skills which together with the characteristics described above make them very important in situations of change and project implementation.

They can involve others in their own or joint achievement of objectives, which means that a series of social and leadership skills In these articles you will find information about What is leadership and Leadership Styles.

What stands out in this enneatypical predominance is the different and creative way they see life. These are people who would feel very attracted by beauty, who value what is aesthetic and the desire for perfection

In the article by Núñez, C. and Serpa, A. (2016), people with this type of personality are described as people with great emotional richness, sensitivity to inner experiences and intuitive capacity through which they can grasp what others feel and think.

Far from being the center of attention, predominantly observant people feel attraction to freedom and independence and they move away from the control of others or their dependence.

These are curious people who like to observe in order to learn from what they observe. They are critical and have good assessment skills. They like to debate, especially with logic and objectivity, trying to get away from the subjectivity that their own emotions can bring, which they tend to repress

People with a collaborative predominance show great responsibility and loyalty and they are compliant with the commitments they make. They promote participation and collaboration and respond to the need for inclusion and belonging They give great importance to the feeling of belonging to groups such as, for example, the family.

Optimistic people are vital and have great positive attitude They generally appear happy. Are seekers of rewarding, energetic experiences and seekers of new experiences and sensations.

As with the “artist” enneatype, in this type people do not necessarily develop the role of bosses. The term refers to the possession of traits traditionally associated with the figure of a boss, such as strength and determination in what they do. Are action oriented people

The predominance of the measuring type is described as equanimous, calm, affable and balanced They are people who tend to mediate in conflictive situations such as those that arise in the family environment. They are serene and pleasant, with good listening skills and tolerant.

Here you can see in detail The 9 personality types of the enneagram.

Carl Gustav Jung differentiates between extraverted and introverted people. Within each of these groups, four types are differentiated (thinking or reflective, sentimental, sensory and intuitive), giving rise to eight personality types. Here we explain in detail the 8 personality types according to Jung. Following Etcharren, Y. (1991), we are going to conceptualize these eight personality types in this and the following four sections.

First of all, we can distinguish between:

• introverted thinker: These are people in whom rational functions and interest in facts that lead to abstract thinking predominate. They have a tendency to innovate.
• Extraverted thinker: This type of personality shows a predominance of the ability to create abstractions that arise from the ease it shows in contacting the external world.

This personality trait is classified into:

• Introverted emotional: These are people in whom we find a predominance of axiological functions, with a good capacity for concentration and apparent indifference.
• Extraverted Sentimental: there is a predominance of the emotional tone. They are communicative, sociable and adaptable people.

This type of personality can be:

• Introverted Sensory: Perceptual functions and interest in specific things predominate, the perception of which can be influenced by sensitivity. They are relatively maladjusted people.
• Extraverted Sensory: In this type observation predominates.

The intuitive personality can be:

• Introverted intuitive: here we find a predominance of extrasensory functions. They are imaginative people in whom we can find good artistic aptitudes.
• Extraverted intuitive: These are people who are quick to grasp what is happening around them.

This article is merely informative, at PsychologyFor we do not have the power to make a diagnosis or recommend a treatment. We invite you to go to a psychologist to treat your particular case.

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