Rubifen (psychotropic Drug): What It Is, What It Is Used For And Side Effects
Nowadays, a large part of the population knows or has heard of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD, a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by problems maintaining attention and the presence of hyperactivity and impulsivity.
However, what is not usually so well known is that basically these problems (certainly involuntary and beyond the child’s control, not being voluntary) are linked to slowing down the development of the frontal cortex, which governs executive functions between the which include abilities such as behavioral inhibition.
Although psychoeducational and psychological approaches always go or should be prioritized, sometimes drugs are prescribed that activate the frontal areas, facilitating better control of the situation in cases where it is considered necessary. One of these drugs is Rubifen, which we are going to talk about throughout this article
Rubifen is the name of a psychotropic drug, a substance with moderately stimulant psychoactive properties, which is used primarily in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
It is one of the drugs synthesized based on methylphenidate, its active ingredient, which in turn is a product related to amphetamines It acts by causing the activation of areas of the brain that are usually underactivated in those people who receive it. That is why, although it is stimulating in people with certain neurodevelopmental disorders, in fact it usually causes them to be calmer.
Although it is frequently used in children, it is generally not used unless other types of (non-pharmacological) therapy fail, and periodic monitoring of cardiovascular health status and growth must be carried out due to possible side effects. and problems that may arise through its consumption. However, in some cases it may be necessary and facilitate better psychosocial development, specifically in the most extreme cases and in which functionality is very limited.
Likewise, the use of drugs of this type is subject to strong controversy due to the overdiagnosis of the disorders that justify their use, sometimes being applied to people who would not have actually needed it. It is therefore essential to carry out a thorough assessment before ruling on the use of Rubifen and similar drugs, especially when we are talking about children, in the growth stage.
Rubifen can be found in different presentations, mainly capsules and tablets, whether immediate or prolonged release It generally lasts between two and four hours and is eliminated mainly through the kidneys, although to a lesser extent also through the feces.
Unfortunately, Rubifen is also known for being used as a stimulant drug, easily giving rise to situations of abuse and dependence despite being sold only by prescription. In fact, it is sometimes called “the poor man’s cocaine,” and this can have severe repercussions on health when used recreationally.
Main indications
Rubifen is a drug whose main therapeutic indication is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, although as we have indicated it is only used if other strategies fail. It is necessary to take into account, however, that Nor can it be used by all children with this problem, since if certain symptoms occur, the use of this drug could worsen them (for example tics and mannerisms). It is used in children over six years old, and is not indicated for minors of that age or adults with ADHD.
It may be surprising that a disorder known for impulsivity and hyperactivity has an activating and stimulant substance as a drug, but this is because in ADHD some areas of the brain are underactivated (especially the prefrontal) and functions such as behavioral inhibition, planning or even attention and concentration have not yet developed in a neurotypical way. Thus, Rubifen activates these areas, facilitating impulse control.
Although it is not an approved indication, this drug has also been used on occasion to treat cases of narcolepsy, even in adult subjects.
Mechanism of action
Rubifen, and methylphenidate in general, exerts its activity through an activating mechanism of action that has effects on the brain stem and cortex.
This mechanism of action is not completely understood, but its operation is based on the inhibition of the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine and the stimulation of their synthesis. That is, by preventing these monoamines from being recaptured by the presynaptic neuron, they cause dopamine and norepinephrine to remain in the synaptic space and therefore can be used. The levels of these two neurotransmitters increase, which causes brain activity to also increase. This drug seems especially relevant in its effects on the prefrontal, something that contributes to improving the functioning of executive functions and attention
In addition to this, it also has a minor effect on serotonin, increasing it slightly, something that can be used to better control the symptoms of disorders such as narcolepsy.
Side effects
Although Rubifen is an effective drug for treating ADHD symptoms, its consumption can carry a series of unpleasant side effects and even risks.
Among the different side effects we can find decreased appetite, insomnia, headache, weight loss, nausea and vomiting, erythema, decreased growth, or tics. It can also generate emotional lability or even in some cases mania. In addition, uncontrolled speech and movements, confusion, spasms, speech problems, blurred vision, increased irritability or constipation may occur.
Other less common side effects may include agitation, tachycardia, dryness, priapism or erectile dysfunction, confusion, cardiovascular problems, dyskinesia, and seizures, although these are more serious and may require medical attention. Finally, it can reduce the number of blood cells, cause arterial inflammation, liver problems and thinking disorders. Very rarely it can cause heart attacks and vascular accidents. It is for all these reasons that it is necessary that, if used, a medical control of the subject must be carried out.
Rubifen can be effective, but it cannot be taken by everyone: There are sectors of the population that have it contraindicated as it can be dangerous for them
Its consumption should be avoided by people with an allergy or hypersensitivity to methylphenidate, those who suffer from narrow-angle glaucoma or people with a history of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular problems. It should also be avoided in case of Tourette’s disorder or tics, since as a possible side effect tics and stereotyped movements may be enhanced. Those who suffer from thyroid problems or anorexia nervosa (since the drug reduces the feeling of hunger). In addition It is contraindicated in psychotic disorders, bipolarity or in subjects who have suicidal thoughts Patients with kidney or liver problems, high blood pressure or swallowing difficulties should also avoid it.
Pregnant and lactating women are also contraindicated, given that transmission of the drug in milk as well as cases of respiratory toxicity in babies and fetuses have been seen. It is also recommended to avoid its consumption during puberty, as it can cause growth problems, and also under six years of age.
