Tim LaHaye, a well-known American Christian author, developed a system for understanding human personality through the lens of temperament theory. His model, which is based on the classical four temperaments—sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic—expands upon these traditional categories to describe 12 unique temperament combinations. LaHaye’s model attempts to capture the complexity of human personality by combining these four core temperaments in various ways.
This system is often used in counseling, relationship building, and personal development to understand behavioral patterns, motivations, and compatibility between individuals. Below, we’ll explore the 12 temperament combinations and provide a deeper look into each type.
We understand by temperament combination of attitudes and personal dispositions that we inherit from our family, especially from our parents.
It’s good to know what kind of temperament we have, because in addition to knowing ourselves better, we learn to optimize our resources and take advantage of the potential we have; in addition to knowing how to control it in moments when we need more rationality and not allowing it to control us unconsciously. Normally we act according to what we have, we do not have any in particular for the actions we do. They can range from subtle acts such as certain preferences, to ways of thinking and attitudes.
Temperamental theories
Throughout history, different theories have been formulated about the types of existing temperaments. One of them is that of the 4 basic temperaments, made by Galen is based on Hippocrates’ theory of the 4 humors, which said that the human body is made up of 4 elements (humors):
From this idea, Galen proposed his theory, which classified the types of temperaments in this way:
With this theory as a basis, the writer Tim LaHaye proposed a new one, with some modifications and expansions: the 12 temperamental combinations.
Temperament combinations according to Tim LaHaye
For him, the fact that there were only 4 possible temperaments was an approach that was far from reality. Due to our complexity as beings, it is almost impossible for us to fit only into 4 categories, since each of us has several strengths and several weaknesses. So the most convenient thing seemed to be considered that we can have combinations of temperaments, although one will always be the dominant one and the other the secondary one.
This combination blends the enthusiastic, lively nature of the sanguine temperament with the assertiveness and goal-oriented behavior of the choleric. People with this temperament are often dynamic, outgoing, and full of energy. They enjoy being in the spotlight and thrive in leadership roles. Their charisma can inspire others, but they might struggle with impatience and may be prone to becoming frustrated if things don’t go their way.
Key Traits:
Optimistic and lively
Highly driven and goal-oriented
Energetic and often take on multiple projects
May become impatient or overbearing when things aren’t going according to plan
2. The Sanguine-Melancholic Combination
Combining the sanguine’s sociable, fun-loving nature with the melancholic’s deep, introspective tendencies, this temperament creates an individual who is warm and enthusiastic, yet also thoughtful and analytical. They are usually creative and enjoy socializing, but they might also experience periods of sadness or doubt as they ponder the deeper meaning of life.
Key Traits
Outgoing but reflective
Optimistic yet prone to mood swings
Creative, often drawn to the arts or writing
Can struggle with feelings of insecurity or anxiety
3. The Sanguine-Phlegmatic Combination
This is a balanced temperament that combines the cheerful, lively nature of the sanguine with the calm, easygoing demeanor of the phlegmatic. People with this combination are often fun-loving and sociable, but they also prefer a relaxed and peaceful environment. They are adaptable and can be excellent at diffusing tension in social situations.
Key Traits:
Sociable but also enjoys peaceful environments
Flexible and go with the flow
Empathetic, making them great listeners
May lack motivation at times or avoid conflict
4. The Choleric-Sanguine Combination
The choleric-sanguine combination is a high-energy, dominant personality that enjoys being in charge and is quick to take action. These individuals often have strong leadership abilities and are not afraid to take risks. They can be very motivating and inspiring, though their assertiveness can sometimes come off as bossy or controlling.
Key Traits:
Action-oriented and decisive
Leadership qualities, often seen in managerial roles
Charismatic and persuasive
Can be overbearing if not mindful of others’ opinions
5. The Choleric-Melancholic Combination
This combination is characterized by a strong-willed personality that is also deeply analytical. These individuals have high standards for themselves and others, and they are often seen as perfectionists. While they may be highly driven and goal-oriented, their melancholic nature makes them introspective and prone to self-criticism.
People with this combination are practical, calm, and rational. While they have the assertive, task-oriented qualities of the choleric, they also possess the calm, steady demeanor of the phlegmatic. These individuals are generally decisive but can take a more methodical approach to decision-making, preferring stability and consistency in their environments.
Key Traits:
Calm and assertive at the same time
Logical thinkers who prefer practicality over emotion
Can be slow to act as they carefully weigh all options
May struggle with flexibility when facing unexpected changes
7. The Melancholic-Sanguine Combination
This combination produces individuals who are sensitive, thoughtful, and emotionally complex. They are often introspective and have a deep appreciation for beauty and art, but they also enjoy socializing and connecting with others. They may experience fluctuating moods and need outlets for their emotional energy, such as creative activities or close relationships.
Key Traits:
Introspective and thoughtful
Enjoy creative expression (writing, art, etc.)
Can be moody or emotionally sensitive
Strive for authentic connections with others
8. The Melancholic-Phlegmatic Combination
This is one of the more introverted combinations, blending the analytical, perfectionist traits of the melancholic with the calm, laid-back qualities of the phlegmatic. These individuals tend to be deep thinkers who prefer a stable, quiet environment. They can be very loyal and dependable friends but may struggle with decisiveness or taking risks.
Key Traits:
Deeply thoughtful and reserved
Sensitive and compassionate towards others
Tend to avoid conflict and prefer a peaceful environment
Can be prone to procrastination or indecision
9. The Phlegmatic-Sanguine Combination
This is a light-hearted, sociable combination where the easygoing, relaxed nature of the phlegmatic blends with the extroverted, energetic qualities of the sanguine. These individuals are often great in social settings, exuding charm and warmth. They are flexible and like to keep things light, but may sometimes struggle with commitment or follow-through.
Key Traits:
Sociable and enjoy being around others
Relaxed and prefer to avoid tension or conflict
Creative and enjoy fun, spontaneous activities
Can be disorganized or easily distracted
10. The Phlegmatic-Choleric Combination
This combination is calm, yet also assertive. While the phlegmatic’s steady, peaceful nature provides a stable base, the choleric’s leadership abilities ensure that these individuals can step up and take charge when needed. They are reliable, but when pushed, they can display a strong sense of authority and a drive for success.
This combination produces introverted, sensitive, and analytical individuals. They are often very loyal and dependable friends, but they may struggle with decisiveness and taking initiative. Their methodical approach to life can make them great problem solvers, though they may prefer to stay in their comfort zones.
Key Traits:
Dependable and methodical
Reserved and introspective
Loyal friends, but can be cautious in relationships
Prone to overthinking and self-doubt
12. The Melancholic-Choleric Combination
People with this combination are often highly ambitious, detail-oriented, and analytical. They tend to set high standards for themselves and others, and can be very focused on achieving their goals. However, this focus on perfection can sometimes make them critical, and they may struggle with perfectionism.
Key Traits:
Ambitious and driven
Perfectionistic with a focus on achievement
Critical of themselves and others
Can be highly competitive in all aspects of life
FAQs about Tim LaHaye’s 12 Temperament Combinations
What are the four basic temperaments?
The four basic temperaments, according to Tim LaHaye’s model, are sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic. These temperaments represent core personality traits that influence an individual’s behavior and emotional responses.
How can knowing my temperament help me in life?
Understanding your temperament can help you improve communication, enhance relationships, and manage personal challenges. By recognizing your natural tendencies, you can work towards becoming more self-aware and adaptable in various situations.
Are the 12 temperament combinations set in stone?
No, while temperament is believed to be largely inherent, it is influenced by life experiences. People may develop traits of multiple temperaments over time, and these traits can change as a result of personal growth or changes in life circumstances.
How do the 12 temperament combinations affect relationships?
The 12 temperament combinations provide valuable insight into relationship dynamics. Understanding the differences in communication, emotional needs, and decision-making styles can help couples, friends, and colleagues better navigate conflicts and enhance their interactions.
